It was first credited by mainstream scientists to be merely an example of pareidolia, the human mind's ability to see shapes and patters in random imagery, much like pictures in clouds. There are however, a number of factors that can refute this claim of randomness. Additional images of the "face" structure have been taken at different heights, resolutions, and light angles. Even though greater surface detail (the European Space Agency's Mars Express in 2003 to image resolutions as detailed as 46 feet per pixel) did diminish the clarity of a "face" somewhat. It did not diminish the abnormal symmetry of the overall structure. Even if the underlying formations are natural, they have had help in maintaining the integrity of the symmetry that presents a face-like appearance seen from above.

There is also the matter of the "city" just a bit away from the "face" mesa. Contained in this area are structures that have mountains sharply angled to form pyramid shapes. The images of this area were studied extensively by the computer engineers, Vincent DiPietro and Gregory Molenaar. Contacted with NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland these men began an attempt to explain the features in a geological sense. Although their research showed anomalies that could not be naturally occurring and sought verification from other scientists, their work was largely ignored.
Former NASA consultant Richard Hoagland, the developer of the Pioneer 10 and 11 interstellar plaques, originally took the official stance that it was all an illusion but later study caused him to about-face and make claim for an artificial nature to the structures. He discovered more pyramidal forms in the "city" part of the area including the structure called "the Fort" for what appears to be a set of straight walls and an open enclosed area. He performed solstice alignment calculations based of the positioning of the pyramidal mounds and their spatial orientations to each other. His calculations of solar alignments have held up to independent critique.
The research scientist, Dr. Mark Carlotto, reexamined the Viking images in 1986-87 utilizing new "shape-from-shading protocols for image enhancement and disproved the "trick of light and shadow" hypothesis. Not only did the enhanced images show many additional symmetrical lines and alignment angles, but that there also appeared that, hidden within the "shadows" of the original image, were structures that looked like teeth in the mouth area.
The geomorphologist and cartographer, Erol Torun, who worked with the United States Defense Mapping Agency released a cartographic/geometric analysis of the D&M pyramid demonstrating that the mountain's angles were unlikely to be obtained in a natural mountain and that no known erosion processes could produce these angles either. Dr. Horace Crater of the University of Tennessee Space Institute also published a mathematical analysis of the numerous small mounds in the area around the "face" and the "city' in 1995. His mathematical calculations discounted the probability that the placement of these mounds/structures were randomly occurring.
The controversy over the origin and composition of the objects at Cydonia rages. While some consider it all light and shadows, others feel this is an extraterrestrial proof that other intelligences have shared our solar system and shaped its planets before us. Whether they are still around, living under the surface of the red planet, or passed into the obscurity of the past will require much more investigation. It should be noted that according to ancient Sumerian texts, Mars was a way station for the Annunaki on their travels between Earth and Nibiru. We know from archeology that the ancient Sumerian culture build vast megalithic structures, many of which still stand today. Could there be a direct link to these structures and pyramids of Mesopotamia and the ones that seem to also stand on Mars?
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Major photographic resource:
NASA's official page containing the images of the Cydonia Region of Mars
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/mgs_cydonia.html
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NASAs Apollo space mission were for the exploration of the moon. In 1969 Apollo 11 manned by Buzz Aldrin and Neil Armstrong, was the first one that allowed a moon walk. These two men were the very first astronauts to ever set foot on the surface of the Moon. In 1972 NASA launched their final Apollo mission; Apollo 17. There were altogether 20 missions scheduled for the Apollo mission. Apollo 18, Apollo 19 and Apollo 20 were coordinated, but were scrapped due to budgeting limitations.